8/29/2023 0 Comments Stack on safe electronic lock![]() ![]() The most popular example of fencing is cutting a host’s power.Īctive countermeasure taken by a functioning host to isolate a misbehaving (usually dead) host from shared data. In this case, the cluster uses fencing to force the whole node offline, thereby making it safe to start the serviceĮlsewhere. The only way to be 100% sure that your data is safe, is to use fencing to ensure that the node is truly offline before allowing the data to be accessed from another node.įencing also has a role to play in the event that a clustered service cannot be stopped. Just because a node is unresponsive doesn’t mean it has stopped accessing your data. Exampleįencing protects your data from being corrupted, and your application from becoming unavailable, due to unintended concurrent access by rogue nodes. A witness device cannot be shared between two halves of a split cluster, so in the event that all cluster members cannot communicate with each other (e.g., failed heartbeat), if a member cannot access the witness, it cannot become active. HA clusters often also use quorum witness storage (local or cloud) to avoid this scenario. Having duplicate instances of services may cause data corruption on the shared storage. If that happens, each node in the cluster may mistakenly decide that every other node has gone down and attempt to start services that other nodes are still running. One subtle but serious condition all clustering software must be able to handle is split-brain, which occurs when all of the private links go down simultaneously, but the cluster nodes are still running. HA clusters usually use a heartbeat private network connection which is used to monitor the health and status of each node in the cluster. HA cluster implementations attempt to build redundancy into a cluster to eliminate single points of failure, including multiple network connections and data storage which is redundantly connected via storage area networks. HA clusters are often used for critical databases, file sharing on a network, business applications, and customer services such as electronic commerce websites. ![]() For example, appropriate file systems may need to be imported and mounted, network hardware may have to be configured, and some supporting applications may need to be running as well. HA clustering remedies this situation by detecting hardware/software faults, and immediately restarting the application on another system without requiring administrative intervention, a process known as failover.Īs part of this process, clustering software may configure the node before starting the application on it. Without clustering, if a server running a particular application crashes, the application will be unavailable until the crashed server is fixed. They operate by using high availability software to harness redundant computers in groups or clusters that provide continued service when system components fail. High-availability clusters (also known as HA clusters, fail-over clusters or Metroclusters Active/Active ) are groups of computers that support server applications that can be reliably utilized with a minimum amount of down-time. Multi-node configuration with Docker-Composeĭistributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)Ī definition of High Availability Clusters from Wikipedia: High Availability Clusters ![]()
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